A manufacturing company has two service and two production departments. Human Resources and Machine Repair are the service departments. The production departments are Grinding and Polishing. The following data have been estimated for next years operations: The direct charges identified with each of the departments are as follows: The human resources department services all departments of the company, and its costs are allocated using the numbers of employees within each department, while machine repair costs are allocable to Grinding and Polishing on the basis of machine hours. 1. Distribute the service department costs, using the direct method. 2. Distribute the service department costs, using the sequential distribution method, with the department servicing the greatest number of other departments distributed first.

The following describes the job responsibilities of two employees of Barney Manufacturing. Joan Dennison, Cost Accounting Manager. Joan is responsible for measuring and collecting costs associated with the manufacture of the garden hose product line. She is also responsible for preparing periodic reports that compare the actual costs with planned costs. These reports are provided to the production line managers and the plant manager. Joan helps to explain and interpret the reports. Steven Swasey, Production Manager. Steven is responsible for the manufacture of the high-quality garden hose. He supervises the line workers, helps to develop the production schedule, and is responsible for seeing that production quotas are met. He is also held accountable for controlling manufacturing costs. Required: CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify Joan and Steven as line or staff and explain your reasons.

Listed as follows are various costs found in businesses. Classify each cost as a fixed or variable cost, and as a product and/or period cost. Wages of administrative staff Shipping costs on merchandise sold Wages of workers assembling computers Cost of lease on factory equipment Insurance on factory Direct materials used in production of lamps Supervisor salary, factory Advertising costs Property taxes, factory Health insurance cost for company executives Rent on factory

The following is a list of costs incurred by several manufacturing companies: a. Annual picnic for plant employees and their families b. Cost of fabric used by clothing manufacturer c. Cost of plastic for a toy manufacturer d. Cost of sewing machine needles used by a shirt manufacturer e. Cost of television commercials f. Depreciation of copying machines used by the Marketing Department g. Depreciation of microcomputers used in the factory to coordinate and monitor the production schedules h. Depreciation of office building i. Depreciation of robotic equipment used to assemble a product j. Electricity used to operate factory machinery k. Factory janitorial supplies I. Fees charged by collection agency on past-due customer accounts m. Fees paid to lawn service for office grounds n. Maintenance costs for factory equipment o. Oil lubricants for factory plant and equipment p. Pens, paper, and other supplies used by the Accounting Department q. Repair costs for factory equipment r. Rent for a warehouse used to store work in process and finished products s. Salary of a physical therapist who treats plant employees t. Salary of the manager of a manufacturing plant u. Telephone charges by corporate office v. Travel costs of marketing executives to annual sales meeting w. Wages of a machine operator on the production line x. Wages of production quality control personnel Instructions Classify each of the preceding costs as a product cost or period cost. Indicate whether each product cost is a direct materials cost, a direct labor cost, or a factory overhead cost. Indicate whether each period cost is a selling expense or an administrative expense. Use the following tabular headings for preparing your answer, placing an X in the appropriate column:

Classify each of the following items of factory overhead as a(n) unit-level, batch-level, product-level, or facility-level cost. a. Insurance on the building b. Depreciation of building (straight-line method) c. Depreciation of machinery (units-of-production method) d. Polishing compounds e. Machine lubricants f. Wages of forklift driver g. Building rent h. Plant managers salary i. Product inspectors wages j. Product design costs

Hicks Contracting collects and analyzes cost data in order to track the cost of installing decks on new home construction jobs. The following are some of the costs that they incur. Classify these costs as fixed or variable costs and as product or period costs. Lumber used to construct decks ($12.00 per square foot) Carpenter labor used to construct decks ($10 per hour) Construction supervisor salary ($45,000 per year) Depreciation on tools and equipment ($6,000 per year) Selling and administrative expenses ($35,000 per year) Rent on corporate office space ($34,000 per year) Nails, glue, and other materials required to construct deck (varies per job)

Vargas, Inc., produces industrial machinery. Vargas has a machining department and a group of direct laborers called machinists. Each machinist is paid 25,000 and can machine up to 500 units per year. Vargas also hires supervisors to develop machine specification plans and to oversee production within the machining department. Given the planning and supervisory work, a supervisor can oversee three machinists, at most. Vargass accounting and production history reveal the following relationships between units produced and the costs of direct labor and supervision (measured on an annual basis): Required: 1. Prepare two graphs: one that illustrates the relationship between direct labor cost and units produced, and one that illustrates the relationship between the cost of supervision and units produced. Let cost be the vertical axis and units produced the horizontal axis. 2. How would you classify each cost? Why? 3. Suppose that the normal range of activity is between 2,400 and 2,450 units and that the exact number of machinists is currently hired to support this level of activity. Further suppose that production for the next year is expected to increase by an additional 400 units. How much will the cost of direct labor increase (and how will this increase be realized)? Cost of supervision?

Use the following information for Brief Exercises 4-27 and 4-28: Quillen Company manufactures a product in a factory that has two producing departments, Cutting and Sewing, and two support departments, S1 and S2. The activity driver for S1 is number of employees, and the activity driver for S2 is number of maintenance hours. The following data pertain to Quillen: Brief Exercises 4-27 (Appendix 4B) Assigning Support Department Costs by Using the Direct Method Refer to the information for Quillen Company above. Required: 1. Calculate the cost assignment ratios to be used under the direct method for Departments S1 and S2. (Note: Each support department will have two ratiosone for Cutting and the other for Sewing.) 2. Allocate the support department costs to the producing departments by using the direct method.

CleanCom Company specializes in cleaning commercial buildings and construction sites. Each building and site is different, requiring amounts and types of supplies and labor for each job. CleanCom estimated the following for the year: During the year, the following actual amounts were experienced: If CleanCom uses a normal costing system and overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor hours, what is the cost of cleaning a construction site that takes 140 of direct materials and 21 direct labor hours? a. 455 b. 508 c. 648 d. 644